How Can I Tell What Size a Ford Rod Bearing Is
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Henry Ford, (born July 30, 1863, Wayne county, Michigan, U.S.—died Apr 7, 1947, Dearborn, Michigan), American industrialist who revolutionized factory product with his associates-line methods.
Ford spent most of his life making headlines, expert, bad, but never indifferent. Historic as both a technological genius and a folk hero, Ford was the artistic forcefulness behind an industry of unprecedented size and wealth that in only a few decades permanently changed the economical and social character of the United states of america. When immature Ford left his begetter's farm in 1879 for Detroit, only two out of eight Americans lived in cities; when he died at age 83, the proportion was 5 out of eight. Once Ford realized the tremendous part he and his Model T machine had played in bringing nigh this modify, he wanted cipher more than than to contrary it, or at least to recapture the rural values of his boyhood. Henry Ford, then, is an apt symbol of the transition from an agricultural to an industrial America.
The 1909 Model T.
Courtesy of the Ford Motor CompanyEarly on life
Henry Ford was one of eight children of William and Mary Ford. He was born on the family farm near Dearborn, Michigan, then a town eight miles west of Detroit. Abraham Lincoln was president of the 24 states of the Union, and Jefferson Davis was president of the eleven states of the Confederacy. Ford attended a 1-room schoolhouse for 8 years when he was not helping his begetter with the harvest. At age 16 he walked to Detroit to notice work in its machine shops. Later on three years, during which he came in contact with the internal-combustion engine for the outset time, he returned to the farm, where he worked part-time for the Westinghouse Engine Visitor and in spare moments tinkered in a little auto shop he set. Eventually he built a small "farm locomotive," a tractor that used an old mowing car for its chassis and a homemade steam engine for power.
Ford moved back to Detroit nine years later as a married man. His wife, Clara Bryant, had grown up on a farm not far from Ford's. They were married in 1888, and on Nov half dozen, 1893, she gave birth to their just child, Edsel Bryant. A month after Ford was made chief engineer at the main Detroit Edison Company plant with responsibility for maintaining electrical service in the metropolis 24 hours a day. Considering he was on telephone call at all times, he had no regular hours and could experiment to his heart'southward content. He had adamant several years before to build a gasoline-powered vehicle, and his showtime working gasoline engine was completed at the end of 1893. By 1896 he had completed his first horseless carriage, the "Quadricycle," so called because the chassis of the four-horsepower vehicle was a buggy frame mounted on iv wheel wheels. Unlike many other automotive inventors, including Charles Edgar and J. Frank Duryea, Elwood Haynes, Hiram Percy Saying, and his Detroit associate Charles Brady King, all of whom had built self-powered vehicles before Ford but who held onto their creations, Ford sold his to finance work on a second vehicle, and a third, and so on.
During the adjacent seven years he had various backers, some of whom, in 1899, formed the Detroit Automobile Company (afterwards the Henry Ford Company), but all eventually abandoned him in exasperation because they wanted a passenger car to put on the market while Ford insisted always on improving whatever model he was working on, saying that it was not ready however for customers. He congenital several racing cars during these years, including the "999" racer driven by Barney Oldfield, and ready several new speed records. In 1902 he left the Henry Ford Visitor, which subsequently reorganized equally the Cadillac Motor Car Company. Finally, in 1903, Ford was ready to market an automobile. The Ford Motor Company was incorporated, this time with a mere $28,000 in greenbacks put up past ordinary citizens, for Ford had, in his previous dealings with backers, antagonized the wealthiest men in Detroit.
The visitor was a success from the beginning, but only five weeks subsequently its incorporation the Association of Licensed Car Manufacturers threatened to put information technology out of business because Ford was not a licensed manufacturer. He had been denied a license by this group, which aimed at reserving for its members the profits of what was fast condign a major industry. The basis of their power was control of a patent granted in 1895 to George Baldwin Selden, a patent lawyer of Rochester, New York. The association claimed that the patent applied to all gasoline-powered automobiles. Along with many rural Midwesterners of his generation, Ford hated industrial combinations and Eastern fiscal ability. Moreover, Ford thought the Selden patent preposterous. All invention was a matter of evolution, he said, yet Selden claimed genesis. He was glad to fight, even though the fight pitted the puny Ford Motor Company against an industry worth millions of dollars. The gathering of evidence and actual court hearings took half dozen years. Ford lost the original case in 1909; he appealed and won in 1911. His victory had wide implications for the manufacture, and the fight made Ford a popular hero.
"I will build a motor car for the great multitude," Ford proclaimed in announcing the birth of the Model T in October 1908. In the nineteen years of the Model T's beingness, he sold 15,500,000 of the cars in the United States, nigh 1,000,000 more in Canada, and 250,000 in Great Uk, a product full amounting to one-half the machine output of the world. The motor age arrived owing mostly to Ford'southward vision of the motorcar as the ordinary homo's utility rather than equally the rich man's luxury. Once only the rich had travelled freely around the country; now millions could go wherever they pleased. The Model T was the principal instrument of ane of the greatest and most rapid changes in the lives of the common people in history, and it effected this change in less than two decades. Farmers were no longer isolated on remote farms. The horse disappeared and so chop-chop that the transfer of acreage from hay to other crops caused an agronomical revolution. The machine became the main prop of the American economic system and a stimulant to urbanization—cities spread outward, creating suburbs and housing developments—and to the building of the finest highway organization in the world.
Observe the small-town origins of Henry Ford
Larn more about the life and career of Henry Ford.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.See all videos for this articleThe remarkable birth rate of Model T'due south was made possible by the nearly advanced production technology nevertheless conceived. Later on much experimentation past Ford and his engineers, the system that had evolved by 1913–14 in Ford's new plant in Highland Park, Michigan, was able to evangelize parts, subassemblies, and assemblies (themselves built on subsidiary assembly lines) with precise timing to a constantly moving main assembly line, where a complete chassis was turned out every 93 minutes, an enormous improvement over the 728 minutes formerly required. The minute subdivision of labour and the coordination of a multitude of operations produced huge gains in productivity.
In 1914 the Ford Motor Company announced that information technology would henceforth pay eligible workers a minimum wage of $5 a 24-hour interval (compared to an average of $2.34 for the manufacture) and would reduce the work day from nine hours to 8, thereby converting the factory to a three-shift twenty-four hour period. Overnight Ford became a worldwide celebrity. People either praised him every bit a great humanitarian or excoriated him equally a mad socialist. Ford said humanitarianism had nothing to do with it. Previously profit had been based on paying wages equally depression equally workers would take and pricing cars as high equally the traffic would bear. Ford, on the other hand, stressed depression pricing (the Model T cost $950 in 1908 and $290 in 1927) in order to capture the widest possible market and then met the price by volume and efficiency. Ford's success in making the car a bones necessity turned out to be but a prelude to a more widespread revolution. The development of mass-product techniques, which enabled the company eventually to turn out a Model T every 24 seconds; the frequent reductions in the price of the motorcar fabricated possible by economies of scale; and the payment of a living wage that raised workers above subsistence and made them potential customers for, amid other things, automobiles—these innovations changed the very construction of society.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Ford
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